Sex steroids regulate bone metabolism directly and indirectly through receptors on bone. Estrogen receptors (ER-∝, ER-β), progesterone receptor (PR), and androgen receptor (AR), have been previously identified on human osteosarcoma (OSA) cells, and are considered to influence tumor growth, but their expression and role in canine OSA is unknown. The aim of this study was to characte...

Dietary fiber describes a diverse assortment of nondigestible carbohydrates that play a vital role in the health of animals and maintenance of gastrointestinal tract homeostasis. The main roles dietary fiber play in the gastrointestinal tract include physically altering the digesta, modulating appetite and satiety, regulating digestion, and acting as a microbial energy source through fermentation. These functions can have widespread systemic effects....

Dirofilaria immitis is a mosquito-borne nematode, causing heartworm (HW) disease in wild and domestic canids. HW can also affect felids with different clinical patterns from asymptomatic pictures to sudden death, making the monitoring and diagnosis complicated. Canine HW is endemic in North-eastern Italy; however, very little information has been recorded for felids. This study aims to provide new information on HW in felids in North-eastern Italy....

The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence and to describe the clinical and diagnostic imaging features of the different types of feline intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH).Medical records and imaging studies were retrospectively reviewed for cats diagnosed with IVDH between January 2008 and October 2020. Information obtained from the clinical records included signalment, clinical presentation, the presence of spinal hyperaesthesia and neurolocalisation. Diagnostic ...

Glucocorticoids are widely used to treat canine allergic disorders, but they frequently cause polyuria and polydipsia (PUPD). At equipotent dosages, oral methylprednisolone is believed to cause less PUPD than prednisolone. The authors performed a pilot randomized, open, parallel trial with 22 dogs with nonseasonal Atopic Dermatitis (AD) receiving either prednisolone or methylprednisolone at equipotent dosages, once daily for 14 days during the first phase of a restrict...

The liver is subject to toxic insult due to its role in the metabolism of exogenous substances and the direct filtration of blood from the portal circulation, which carries absorbed toxins from the gastrointestinal system. The purpose of this article is to briefly review the anatomy and physiology of the liver because it relates to the metabolism of toxins and to discuss the main clinical toxins affecting cattle in North America.Metabolism of xenobiotics in the liver is f...