Microbiology/Immunology/Infectious disease (17)
Wednesday, 18 January 2023
Artificial Insemination as a Transmission Route for African Swine Fever Virus
Written by Antonio Maria Tardo Med Vet PhD Student- To demonstrate that ASFV can efficiently be transferred from infected boars through artificial insemination
The rapid spread of the African swine fever virus (ASFV), causing severe disease with often high fatality rates in Eurasian suids, prevails as a threat for pig populations and dependent industries worldwide. Although advancing scientific progress continually enhances our understanding of ASFV pathogenesis, alternative transmission routes for ASFV have yet to be assessed. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that ASFV can effici...
Monday, 19 December 2022
Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in horses
Written by Antonio Maria Tardo Med Vet PhD Student- 15.2% of horses tested PCR positive and 26.9% IFAT positive
Equine granulocytic anaplasmosis (EGA) is a tick-borne disease caused by Anaplasma (A.) phagocytophilum. In Germany, this pathogen is transmitted primarily by Ixodes ricinus. There is limited knowledge about its prevalence in horses in Germany. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the results of serological and molecular testing for A. phagocytophilum in horses which were done in a commercial laboratory in Germany over fourteen years. Additionally, risk...
Friday, 16 December 2022
Clinical features of canine infective endocarditis
Written by Michele Tumbarello Med Vet PhD student- The mitral valve was most commonly affected
The aim of this study was to determine the causative organisms, clinical features and outcome of canine infective endocarditis in the UK.Medical records of three veterinary referral hospitals were searched for dogs with infective endocarditis between December 2009 and December 2019. Signalment, clinical signs, causative organism, valve affected, treatment and survival data were recorded....
Wednesday, 14 December 2022
Infections by Sarcocystis spp in cattle
Written by Antonio Maria Tardo Med Vet PhD Student- To review the status of Sarcocystis spp. and BEM in cattle
Infections by Sarcocystis in cattle are ubiquitous worldwide. There is considerable debate concerning the identity of Sarcocystis spp. in cattle. Proper diagnosis of Sarcocystis spp. is important to assess their economic and public health importance. Currently there are seven named species: Sarcocystis hirsuta, Sarcocysti cuzi, Sarcocysti hominis, Sarcocysti bovifelis, arcocysti. heydorn...
Monday, 12 December 2022
Consensus statement on equine flaviviridae infections in Europe
Written by Michele Tumbarello Med Vet PhD student- No direct antiviral treatment against flavivirus infections is available
Horses and other equids can be infected with several viruses of the family Flaviviridae, belonging to the genus Flavivirus and Hepacivirus. The authors of this consensus statement focused on viruses with known occurrence in Europe, with the objective to summarize the current literature and formulate clinically relevant evidence-based recommendations regarding clinical disease, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. The viruses circulating in Europe include W...
Wednesday, 07 December 2022
Expression profile of immunoregulatory molecules in canine tumors
Written by Michele Tumbarello Med Vet PhD student- LGALS9 and CD48, were expressed in most canine tumors
Cancers utilize a variety of molecules to escape host immune responses. Better understanding the immune environment surrounding cancer may facilitate application of innovative cancer immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, to dogs as well as humans. In this study, the authors screened the expression of 20 immune regulatory molecules in diverse canine tumors (n = 59). ...
Monday, 05 December 2022
Evaluation of serum concentration of acute-phase proteins in foals with rhodococcosis
Written by Antonio Maria Tardo Med Vet PhD Student- Rhodococcosis increased the serum concentration of haptoglobin and serum amyloid A
Early detection of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals is essential for horse health and for veterinarians. This study aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of assessing the serum concentration of acute-phase proteins (APPs) in the early diagnosis of pneumonia.The study evaluated APPs in 19 Arabian foals with R. equi pneumonia and compared them with 18 normal Arabian foals in equestrian clubs in Tabriz, Iran. Affected foals were iden...
Wednesday, 23 November 2022
Consequences of the minerals supplementation on beef cattle health
Written by Michele Tumbarello Med Vet PhD student- Minerals plays an important role in cattle immunity and performance
Trace minerals (TM) play an important role in cattle immunity, health and performance. Although TM are needed in small quantities, they are fundamental for enzymes involved in antioxidant protection against cellular damage and several pathways of the immune response. Cattle TM status results from the balance between TM dietary intake and their requirements. This paper reviews the research-based evidence of the effects of TM supplementation on immunity ...
Wednesday, 16 November 2022
Ultrasonographic diagnosis bovine respiratory disease in Holstein calves
Written by Antonio Maria Tardo Med Vet PhD Student- Thoracic ultrasound can be a reliable tool in the early BRD diagnosis of subclinical cases
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the main cause of death in calves, and early BRD diagnosis saves lives. This study aimed to diagnose clinical and subclinical BRD in calves by assessing some biochemical alterations and ultrasonography (USG).Fifty-four Holstein dairy calves in Al-Sharqiyah Province, Egypt, were used in the study. They were divided into three groups. The first control group consisted of 10 clinically healthy calves. The second group consi...
Wednesday, 16 November 2022
Leptospira spp. Prevalence in Cats from Southern Italy
Written by Antonio Maria Tardo Med Vet PhD Student- Antibodies against Leptospira spp. were detected in 15.3% of cats
Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease, but feline leptospirosis is rarely reported. This study aimed at investigating Leptospira spp. prevalence in cats from southern Italy, evaluating risk factors, clinical findings and laboratory data associated with infection.The serum of 112 cats was investigated by microscopic agglutination test (MAT), detecting anti-Leptospira antibodies against 14 pathogenic se... More...
Friday, 04 November 2022
Effect of the administration of meloxicam on rabbit lymphocytes
Written by Michele Tumbarello Med Vet PhD student- A significant decrease in T: B cell ratio was found in all samples
Meloxicam is a commonly used analgesic in rabbits. However, its possible impact on lymphocyte subpopulations remained unknown. The aim of the study was to investigate a possible effect of long-term administration of meloxicam on rabbit lymphocyte subpopulations. The study included 8 rabbits given meloxicam orally once daily (1 mg/kg BW) for 14 days and 8 rabbits as a control group. Peripheral blood samples were collected on day 0 (before the first dose of melox...
Wednesday, 26 October 2022
Vaccine against alpha-toxin using C. perfringens type A in rabbits and cattle
Written by Michele Tumbarello Med Vet PhD student- The formulation enhanced immune responses by 1.80-fold in rabbits compared with that in cattle
Clostridium perfringens type A is an anaerobic bacterium that produces four major toxins (alpha, beta, epsilon, and iota) that cause various diseases. Most of the important C. perfringens-associated diseases of farm animals are caused by alpha-toxin. This study aimed to produce a vaccine against alpha-toxin using C. perfringens type A (ATCC 13124) and investigate its potency, stability, and safety.The vaccine was formulated of its constituent...
Wednesday, 19 October 2022
Disease control tools to secure animal and public health
Written by Antonio Maria Tardo Med Vet PhD Student- To perform a qualitative review of 53 infectious diseases in terrestrial animals with data from DISCONTOOLS
Animal health is a prerequisite for global health, economic development, food security, food quality, and poverty reduction, while mitigating against climate change and biodiversity loss. We did a qualitative review of 53 infectious diseases in terrestrial animals with data from DISCONTOOLS, a specialist database and prioritisation model focusing on research gaps for improving infectious disease control in animals.Many diseases d...
Wednesday, 19 October 2022
Retrospective Analysis of Leishmaniasis in Sicily
Written by Antonio Maria Tardo Med Vet PhD Student- Phlebotomus perfiliewi was the dominant sandfly species
Leishmaniasis is an important vector-borne disease that represents a serious public health problem, including in Sicily (Italy), which is considered an endemic area. In this study were collected canine, feline and human data from 2013 to 2021 in Sicily, while entomological surveys were conducted only in 2013 and 2021.Result showed that 23,794/74,349 (34.4%) of dogs and 274/4774 (11.8%) of cats were positive in one or more d... 
Scientific Publishing